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Mount
Qomolangma is the highest peak in the world. With approvals
from the people's government of the Tibet Autonomous Region
on November 3, 1988 and from the State Council in November
1993, the state-level Qomolangma Nature Reserve was established.
It covers an area of 33,800 square kilometers, including
two towns and 16 townships in Tingrin, Nyalam, Gyilung
and Dinggye counties. The whole reserve is divided into
three parts: the central reserve, the buffer zone and
the developing zone. The terrain of the reserve descends
from the high north to the low south, with a varied topography.
The average elevation is 4,200 meters. The lowest is 1,433
meters, about 7,000 meters lower than the highest point.
As a result, a unique, vertically changing climate is
formed; as a saying goes, snow-capped peaks all year round,
spring at the foot all year round, four seasons found
in one mountain, different weather within ten li. High
mountains and deep valleys, glaciers and snow-covered
peaks all come to display grand views. Fourteen peaks
on our planet exceed 8,000 meters high, and this place
boasts five.
According to surveys, some 2,348 advanced plants grow
here, and among them are the precious long-leaf dragon
spruce and the Tibetan long-leaf pine, two species that
are found only in this reserve. Following the changing
topography and the climate, different plant pedigrees
are distributed vertically: from the lowest point to the
highest point, there are alpine sub-tropical evergreen
and semi-evergreen broadleaf trees, alpine warmbelt evergreen
coniferous trees and hard-leaf evergreen broadleaf trees,
alpine sub-coldbelt evergreen coniferous trees and deciduous
broadleaf trees and bushes, as well as alpine coldbelt
grasslands. Many precious animals live in the reserve:
53 mammals, 206 birds, 8 amphibious animals, 6 reptiles
and 5 fishes. Among them, 9 species are under Class A
state protection and 21 under Class B state protection.
A large number of tropical plant fossils and three-nail
horse herd fossils have been discovered, which make this
reserve a great place to study the shaping of the Qinghai-Tibet
Plateau and explore the mysteries of Nature.
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